Melanoma patients with positive nodes can be subdivided into 3 categories: (1) those
with clinically positive nodes at initial presentation, (2) those with clinically
positive nodal recurrence, and (3) those with positive node(s) on sentinel lymph node
biopsy.
Keywords
To read this article in full you will need to make a payment
Purchase one-time access:
Academic & Personal: 24 hour online accessCorporate R&D Professionals: 24 hour online accessOne-time access price info
- For academic or personal research use, select 'Academic and Personal'
- For corporate R&D use, select 'Corporate R&D Professionals'
Subscribe:
Subscribe to Advances in SurgeryAlready a print subscriber? Claim online access
Already an online subscriber? Sign in
Register: Create an account
Institutional Access: Sign in to ScienceDirect
References
- Prognostic factors analysis of 17,600 melanoma patients: validation of the American Joint Committee on Cancer melanoma staging system.J Clin Oncol. 2001; 19: 3622-3634
- Melanoma staging: American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) 8th edition and beyond.Ann Surg Oncol. 2018; 25: 2105-2110
- Conditional survival: an assessment of the prognosis of patients at time points after initial diagnosis and treatment of locoregional melanoma metastasis.J Clin Oncol. 2017; 35: 1721-1729
- Lymph node dissection for stage III melanoma.Surg Oncol Clin N Am. 2015; 24: 261-277
- Morbidity and recurrence after completion lymph node dissection following sentinel lymph node biopsy in cutaneous malignant melanoma.Ann Surg. 2008; 247: 687-693
- Lessons learned from the Sunbelt Melanoma Trial.J Surg Oncol. 2004; 86: 212-223
- Sentinel node biopsy for early-stage melanoma: accuracy and morbidity in MSLT-I, an international multicenter trial.Ann Surg. 2005; 242 ([discussion: 311–03]): 302-311
- Current management of regional lymph nodes in patients with melanoma.J Surg Oncol. 2019; 119: 200-207
- NCCN clinical practice guidelines in oncology: cutaneous melanoma version 2.2019.(Available at:) (Accessed December 2, 2019)
- Melanoma patient imaging in the era of effective systemic therapies.Eur J Surg Oncol. 2017; 43: 1517-1527
- Contemporary diagnostic imaging modalities for the staging and surveillance of melanoma patients: a meta-analysis.J Natl Cancer Inst. 2011; 103: 129-142
- Arm lymphedema in patients treated conservatively for breast cancer: relationship to patient age and axillary node dissection technique.Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 1986; 12: 2079-2083
- Randomized clinical trial comparing level II and level III axillary node dissection in addition to mastectomy for breast cancer.Br J Surg. 2004; 91: 38-43
- Axillary lymph node metastases of melanoma: management of third-level nodes.In Vivo. 2016; 30: 141-145
- Utility of level III axillary node dissection in melanoma patients with palpable axillary lymph node disease.Ann Surg Oncol. 2019; 26: 2846-2854
- How often do level III nodes bear melanoma metastases and does it affect patient outcomes?.Ann Surg Oncol. 2013; 20: 2056-2064
- Risk factors for positive deep pelvic nodal involvement in patients with palpable groin melanoma metastases: can the extent of surgery be safely minimized? : A retrospective, multicenter cohort study.Ann Surg Oncol. 2015; 22: S1172-S1180
- The value of Cloquet's node in predicting melanoma nodal metastases in the pelvic lymph node basin.Ann Surg Oncol. 2001; 8: 209-214
- Pelvic lymph node dissection is beneficial in subsets of patients with node-positive melanoma.Ann Surg Oncol. 2007; 14: 2867-2875
- Groin dissection in malignant melanoma.Ann Surg Oncol. 1994; 1: 271-277
- Pelvic lymph node status prediction in melanoma patients with inguinal lymph node metastasis.Melanoma Res. 2014; 24: 462-467
- Recurrence and survival after neck dissections in cutaneous head and neck melanoma.Dan Med J. 2014; 61: A4953
- Treatment of Clinically Positive Cervical Lymph Nodes by Limited Local Node Excision and Adjuvant Radiotherapy in Melanoma Patients with Major Comorbidities.Ann Surg Oncol. 2018; 25: 3476-3482
- Adjuvant lymph-node field radiotherapy versus observation only in patients with melanoma at high risk of further lymph-node field relapse after lymphadenectomy (ANZMTG 01.02/TROG 02.01): 6-year follow-up of a phase 3, randomised controlled trial.Lancet Oncol. 2015; 16: 1049-1060
- Long-term follow-up and survival of patients following a recurrence of melanoma after a negative sentinel lymph node biopsy result.JAMA Surg. 2013; 148: 456-461
- Predictors and patterns of melanoma recurrence following a negative sentinel lymph node biopsy.Melanoma Res. 2016; 26: 66-70
- Recurrence of melanoma after a negative sentinel node biopsy: predictors and impact of recurrence site on survival.Ann Surg Oncol. 2019; 26: 2254-2262
- Patterns of initial recurrence and prognosis after sentinel lymph node biopsy and selective lymphadenectomy for melanoma.Plast Reconstr Surg. 2003; 112: 486-497
- Natural history of melanoma in 773 patients with tumor-negative sentinel lymph nodes.Ann Surg Oncol. 2007; 14: 1604-1611
- Completion dissection or observation for sentinel-node metastasis in melanoma.N Engl J Med. 2017; 376: 2211-2222
- Nodal Basin Recurrence After Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy for Melanoma: A Retrospective Multicenter Study in 2653 Patients.Medicine (Baltimore). 2015; 94: e1433
- Patterns of Recurrence in Patients with Stage IIIB/C Cutaneous Melanoma of the Head and Neck Following Surgery With and Without Adjuvant Radiation Therapy: Is Isolated Regional Recurrence Salvageable?.Ann Surg Oncol. 2015; 22: 4052-4059
- Neoadjuvant systemic therapy for regionally advanced melanoma.J Surg Oncol. 2018; 117: 1164-1169
- Neoadjuvant plus adjuvant dabrafenib and trametinib versus standard of care in patients with high-risk, surgically resectable melanoma: a single-centre, open-label, randomised, phase 2 trial.Lancet Oncol. 2018; 19: 181-193
- Phase II study of neoadjuvant concurrent biochemotherapy in melanoma patients with local-regional metastases.Melanoma Res. 1998; 8: 549-556
- A phase II study of neoadjuvant biochemotherapy for stage III melanoma.Cancer. 2002; 94: 470-476
- Phase II multicenter study of neoadjuvant biochemotherapy for patients with stage III malignant melanoma.J Clin Oncol. 2006; 24: 3157-3163
- Neoadjuvant treatment of regional stage IIIB melanoma with high-dose interferon alfa-2b induces objective tumor regression in association with modulation of tumor infiltrating host cellular immune responses.J Clin Oncol. 2006; 24: 3164-3171
- Expression profiles of immune-related genes are associated with neoadjuvant ipilimumab clinical benefit.Oncoimmunology. 2017; 6: e1231291
- Neoadjuvant immune checkpoint blockade in high-risk resectable melanoma.Nat Med. 2018; 24: 1649-1654
- Neoadjuvant versus adjuvant ipilimumab plus nivolumab in macroscopic stage III melanoma.Nat Med. 2018; 24: 1655-1661
- Neoadjuvant treatments for advanced resectable melanoma.J Surg Oncol. 2019; 119: 216-221
- Neoadjuvant dabrafenib combined with trametinib for resectable, stage IIIB-C, BRAF(V600) mutation-positive melanoma (NeoCombi): a single-arm, open-label, single-centre, phase 2 trial.Lancet Oncol. 2019; 20: 961-971
- Neoadjuvant systemic therapy in melanoma: recommendations of the International Neoadjuvant Melanoma Consortium.Lancet Oncol. 2019; 20: e378-e389
- Sentinel lymph node biopsy and management of regional lymph nodes in melanoma: American Society of Clinical Oncology and Society of Surgical Oncology Clinical Practice Guideline Update.Ann Surg Oncol. 2018; 25: 356-377
- Sentinel-node biopsy or nodal observation in melanoma.N Engl J Med. 2006; 355: 1307-1317
- Final results of the sunbelt melanoma trial: a multi-institutional prospective randomized phase III study evaluating the role of adjuvant high-dose interferon alfa-2b and completion lymph node dissection for patients staged by sentinel lymph node biopsy.J Clin Oncol. 2016; 34: 1079-1086
- Completion node dissection after sentinel node biopsy in melanoma.JAMA Surg. 2018; 153: 1045-1046
- The landmark series: MSLT-1, MSLT-2 and DeCOG (management of lymph nodes).Ann Surg Oncol. 2020; 27: 15-21
Article info
Publication history
Published online: May 14, 2020
Identification
Copyright
© 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
