An arteriovenous fistula (AVF) is any abnormal connection between an artery and a
vein that bypasses the normal capillary bed and shunts blood directly to the venous
circulation. These abnormal communications may occur in any area of the body and affect
blood vessels of any size. Any discussion of treatment of these conditions requires
a clear understanding of their cause, pathophysiology, and physiologic consequences.
This article reviews these topics as they relate to the timing and role of endovascular
therapy. Arteriovenous connections constructed for the purpose of dialysis access
are not considered.
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: July 04, 2011
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© 2011 Elsevier Ltd. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
