Acute pancreatitis is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in the United
States, occurring in approximately 44 per 100,000 adults and accounting for more than
200,000 hospital admissions each year [
[1]
]. Of those patients, more than 80% have a benign course and recover without significant
morbidity or recurrence [
[2]
]. However, in the minority of patients who suffer complications, the outcomes can
be devastating. The most feared complication is the development of pancreatic necrosis,
which is estimated to occur in 10% to 25% of all cases of acute pancreatitis [
3
,
4
]. The risk of mortality from necrotizing pancreatitis has been estimated between 10%
and 20% [
5
,
6
,
7
] compared with an overall mortality of at most 5% to 10% for acute pancreatitis in
general [
[8]
]. In those patients who develop necrosis, mortality is bimodal in its temporal distribution
[
9
,
10
]. Early deaths are attributed mostly to severe multisystem organ failure within the
first few days of onset [
[11]
], whereas late deaths tend to occur in the setting of infection and systemic sepsis
[
10
,
12
].To read this article in full you will need to make a payment
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